Civil works,
built in layers.

1. L1

   Wearing course

   The surface you drive on. Hot asphalt, laid and rolled tight for grip, a smooth ride and a waterproof skin.

2. L2

   Kerb, gutter & path

   Concrete edges that steer water to the drains and hold the road’s shape, with footpath and turf alongside.

3. L3

   Base course

   Crushed rock, compacted in layers. It spreads traffic loads so the surface doesn’t crack or rut.

4. L4

   Subbase

   A coarser, free-draining gravel. It adds strength and lets water escape instead of pooling under the road.

5. L5

   Subgrade & stormwater

   The prepared ground, trimmed and compacted, with stormwater pipes bedded alongside to carry water away.

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